italian hallmarks gold

If you're thinking of selling gold, you'll find our rates are significantly higher than any high street retailer and we don't charge testing or refining fees. any info appreciated. Another common way of figuring out if the 14K Italian gold youve bought real or not is to pick it up and feel its weight and overall feel. Different countries in the world use 9, 14, 18, 21 and 22ct gold. 18K Italian gold also tends to have the 750 marks, and in cases where the percentage of gold is higher, say 78.5, the gold jewelry will be hallmarked 785, etc. There are also a lot of counterfeits due to the chemical composition of this type of gold and it may be difficult to verify its authenticity. Its done in order to protect the US gold mining and jewelry production industry. Benfaremo's pieces can be ornate or simple and range from earrings to pendants and more. The artistic jewellery items from D'Avossa are unrepeatable and unique creations that represent the elegant world of Italian high jewellery. The company was founded on March 15, 1926 by Leopoldo Gori and Carlo Zucchi, in the city of Arezzo, with the idea to apply industrial methodologies to goldsmithing, aiming to minimize the costs of metal work. Yes, most Italian gold (jewelry) is hallmarked, which means that the jewelry is not only recognizable by the fine yellow hues and the precise, high-quality, but with specific markings that make it easy for you to identify the gold jewelry. It is famous for its beauty and long history of high quality, precision, and style. can you tell me what the numbers 585 inside a diamond shape with the word "italy "means? . If youre allergic to materials sometimes used as bases for gold-plated jewelry, naturally, you wont be able to wear a piece made with those materials once the base has worn down a little. Guests can also play tennis and improve their swing on the driving range as well as go horse-riding, trekking and bird-watching. Hallmarks reassure a buyer of the quality and purity of the metal, identifying who made the piece, where and when. 8K gold is rarely seen these days since most markets have moved on from it, but you can still find it in some flea markets and its commonly used in some countries of the world, but rarely in the west. Thanks for your response, Carolyn, what do hallmarks look like on italian gold?body{background-image:url(https://www.antique-jewelry-investor.com/images/xback-image-10.gif.pagespeed.ic.uWkxT45nkc.webp);background-attachment:fixed;background-repeat:repeat-y;background-position:top center}, This pin is 1 3/8 inch by 1/2 inch. Copyright Gold Traders UK Ltd 2023. Italy doesn't require hallmarking but it has better registration of the maker, a specific number, so what you see as an Italian mark was placed there by the maker. Less than by law, is exported. In a Five Independent Brands and Their Non-Binary Jewelry, Vitamin Boost: The Jewelry Story for VO+ January 2023 Issue. These are the date letter charts for each of the current assay offices up to the date of the UK Hallmarking Act (1973). Two examples are shown below. Circa 1980. Across Europe, for example, Italian gold jewelry is identified using the fineness mark of authenticity rather than the karats to indicate the actual content of pure gold in the gold jewelry. Thats an aesthetic that rarely goes out of fashion and theres always a market for it. Category Vintage 1980s Italian Link Necklaces. A lot of the price of jewelry is about the craftsmanship and the rarity of the piece, which means that it can be more expensive than the gold that went into making it. within a diamondalso marked italyWhere are the markings?back of brooch on attached plate, Gold Bracelet with markings 14kt and infinity sign inside diamond shape?body{background-image:url(https://www.antique-jewelry-investor.com/images/xback-image-10.gif.pagespeed.ic.uWkxT45nkc.webp);background-attachment:fixed;background-repeat:repeat-y;background-position:top center}, 1.The end ring connecting to the clasp has a very tiny star then "156" and "AP". The Etruscans, an ancient people of Italy, made gold with this design 3,000 years ago and it remains popular to this today. Vintage characterizes jewelry that is at least 20 years old. Note the type of jewelry claiming to be Italian. It indicates that the material's composition is 92.5% silver and 7.5% copper. Their prescribed mark, and subsequently marks for individual goldsmiths and production dates, became a pre-requisite for gold items offered for public sale. Because 925 jewelry often tends to qualify as gold vermeil jewelry, theres a good chance the plating is fairly thick, as the law requires a thickness of 2.5 microns for jewelry to qualify as gold vermeil, but thats not guaranteed. Localit Badiola,Castiglione della Pescaia (Grosseto)T +39 0564944950,www.andana.it. A Web Experience brought to you by LEAFtv, How to Spot Real Silver & Gold in a Thrift Store, How to Identify Gold Jewelry by Number Marks. Technically, though, it still consists of a sterling silver base with gold on top of it. Always be sure to look for the appropriate hallmark on the inside of the piece to ensure authenticity. Information: Legend Jewelry Co. Ltd. was founded in 1992, in Hong Kong. Generally, Italian gold jewelry is identifiable from the 3-digit numbers that represent the percentage purity of the gold jewelry. 750 is one such combination and yes, it's real gold. There are many ways to assess a piece of jewelrys value. Browse our range of AntiqueJewellery and Gold where you will discover some stunning antique gold pieces, or why not come and spend a day with us and take your time exploring all four of our buildings, breaking the day up with a trip to one of our coffee shops? And as the worlds fashion capital, it makes sense that Italy also boasts some of the worlds biggest and best jewelers and jewelry brands. Again, this isnt a scientific method and mistakes can be made, but those who have tried it a few times, usually get the hang of it. Could a piece say ITALY after the Karat amount and still be solid gold or would the piece only have a thin coating of the gold? Hallmarks reassure a buyer of the quality and purity of the metal, identifying who made the piece, where and when. If there are no markings, thats definitely a fake and you shouldnt purchase it. The thickness of the layer of gold atop the base can also vary from one piece to another. Once an item has been tested and shown to conform with the legal requirements for purity, the assay office applies a hallmark to the metal. Knowing if your jewelry is from these areas can be an important step to authenticating it. I have a vintage Napier charm bracelet This guide explained the basic relevance of the 925 hallmark, but thats by no means the only factor worth learning more about. Thanks! its mark with 750 on the other side and 1181 AR on the other? The goldsmith art of Arezzo and Central Italy. British gold, Asian gold or Italian gold all have different hallmarks, purity and carat strengths. The stamp for gold items is a rectangle that has had its corners removed, giving it eight sides. The connected loop design is seen in Florence by Benfaremo as well as in Vicenza in Stefani Stefano's collection. Have a look the symbols below, these identify where the piece of jewellery was assayed. Crafted in 18 karat yellow gold with Italian hallmarks. GOLD/ITALY is the international workshop that puts the very best of Made in Italy jewellery manufacture from selected companies located in the Italian gold districts in touch with international demand from the main markets for Made in Italy goods. Jewelry hallmark of italian designer, giovane (3224 al). I have a five row box chain necklace stamped 10k, Italy, and it also has a box with a diamond ring inside of it (Two etched lines make up the ring in the box). Dot. ITALIAN EXHIBITION GROUP SpA All rights reserved It looks to be silver, but the purity marking shows 750 in an oval box. Another clue to look for when it comes to making sure your gold is authentic is the discoloration that can sometimes happen with fake gold but it cant happen to real ones. Obviously, there are some counterfeits out there, but the term itself is genuine. Know the physical qualities that are typical to Italian jewelry. So, for example, a 14K gold from Italy is marked as 585; 18K gold is .7500, 10K is .4167, and so on. I was unaware that there are different gold types. My father traveled to Italy and Arabia at that time (1960-1980) but it could be local too. To the left of the fasces, there appears to be a number 7, a number 1, or perhaps even a hammer or ax. You are in luck, though, because we dont want you to struggle to find authentic pieces of Italian gold jewelry or to waste your hard-earned money. In Italy, the makers marks are only assigned to the registered goldsmiths, and the use of the marks is overseen by a national body such as the Chamber of Commerce. USA) Gold Ring The 18K Italian Art Nouveau ring pictured above seems to have been made between 1934 and 1944, the period of the fasces symbol for Italy. White Gold vs. Yellow Gold: Whats the Difference? Anyway that is what I believe they read. Luca Benfaremo is one well-respected jeweler and is located in the town of Florence. Frances Administration de la Garantie, for example, is one of the bodies that stored the copper plates that held the jewelry makers marks, as was required by law, and this allowed them to create records of the mark. History Case Thats because real gold has a denser structure than fake one and thats something that cant be copied. I have a milor Italian gold bracelet. As we move down the scale of gold purity, 20 karat gold is stamped as 833 to represent the 20:24 (or .833) gold to alloy ratio. "..the trick with these sites is finding one that will give you a quote in advance - this is where Gold Traders stands out from many competitors." The pieces are elegant and somewhat understated. The most common of such is biting. Here we will dive into what 14K Italian gold is, how did the term come about, and what you need to know about it. Its products extend to accessories, such as leather handbags and a quartz . Some of The Assay Office marks of member countries of the Convention are illustrated below. Okay then I will go throw out all my gold plated Chanel, Gucci and Dior as well as all my antique pinchbeck (no gold at all), as well as my mid-century costume pieces as they are of no value according to your dubious ill-informed information. Arando, another high-end manufacturer with various locations including those in Bergamo and Venezia, makes home dcor and sculptures in addition to jewelry. To improve the way Hemswell Antique Centres works, we place marketing, analytical and functional cookies on our website. Feel free to contact me at msprout68@gmail.com. They stand for different varieties of gold, and some types are worth more than others. So, this article shares important insights into everything you need to know about authentic Italian gold jewelry. Crafted in 18 karat yellow gold with Italian hallmarks. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Detail of maker's marks on an Italian 18K yellow and rose gold bracelet, mid 20th century. Chute De Moquette Saint Maclou - Chute De Moquette Fin De Rouleau Petite Surface Et Bricolage - Chute de moquette neuve bleu et blanc resistant a l'eau et l'humidite. I have a gold bracelet with the numbers 212 next to a rhombus that says Italy inside as well as has GS on the opposite side and a mark heart with OR inside on the lock. Marked on back "Made in Italy" and 900.wondering about the 900 mark and approximate age.Thanks so much for any help. Its also important to note that when youre getting gold filled and gold plated jewelry thats marked as 14K gold, its in fact only 12K, which is the ratio needed to make the jewelry in that fashion. 2023 World Gold Council. If a gold product bears the hallmark '375', then your gold has been tested and classed as 9 carat or 37.5 per cent pure. A hallmark is a unique symbol or several symbols that are stamped on items made from precious metals to ensure their quality and origin. In Switzerland, hallmarking on jewellery is optional except for metal watch cases. The most common meaning of the term 'Indian Gold' is the belief that the purity of the gold is as high as possible. The Norwich office closed in 1702. Faro FARSI JEWELRY Hallmark (s): "FJ" Hallmarking gold jewellery was Europe's earliest form of consumer protection, dating back to KingLouis IX of France and Edward I of England in the 1200s. Other hallmarks that essentially mean the same thing include STER, STG, STERLING, or Sterling Silver. Remember, allergies might also be a concern. (Quick Answer). Visit or learn about the other jewelry-producing areas of Italy such as Vicenza, Arezzo, and Torre de Breco, known for high-end pieces. The common parts-per-thousand mark for 18K jewelry is 750. Please help as to what this ALL means as I am unfortunately clueless? Imprese 00139440408, Capitale Sociale 52.214.897 i.v. Can anyone help me with the final piece of the puzzle? From 1933 to 1944 and then again in 1968, Italy's government imposed regulations that made it easy for sellers and consumers to identify the manufacturer of sterling silver. Featuring 54 round brilliant cut and baguette cut diamonds with a total weight of approximately 3.20 carats, graded near-colorless, VS-SI clarity. Tracking cookies allow third parties, including social media platforms, to show you personalised adverts from Hemswell Antique Centres. what does this mean? Of flexible design, composed of domed links, the central section set with graduated cabochon amethysts, pink and green tourmalines, citrines, peridots, and iolites, accented by brilliant-cut diamonds, signed Bulgari, diamonds approximately 3.22 carats total, mounted in 18 carat yellow gold, Italian assay marks, with maker's pouch, length 39.4cm. The mark is in such a place as to be illegible. All these different business activities have something in common: extremely high quality. However, some types of gold-plated jewelry are nevertheless more valuable than others. This means it's both fairly malleable and bright. Alloys with a lower percentage of pure metal were stamped with a mark that indicated both the carat weight, as well as the parts per thousands, for example 9 and 375. I was looking on Artlinea website but it doesnt show nothing, could somebody tell me if its original please..?Thanks. Pure gold (24K) is extremely soft, and jewelry made from it is dented easily; thus, it was often mixed with another metal or alloy, to give the gold more strength. The CCM thus represents an additional protection and quality mark. San Zeno, Arezzo. If not, how much gold is in it? Here are the most common karat markings (on the left) and their equivalents in parts per thousand (on the right): 24K - 999 22K - 917 20K - 833 18K - 750 14K - 583 10K - 417 Hallmarks are distinguishing characteristics that are stamped on gold, silver and platinum items - typically to identify the items purity. Sold for $3,000 via Alex Cooper (October 2017). In many other countries, including in Italy, India and China, jewellery hallmarking is voluntary. This type of gold is used for making beautiful jewelry, that's simple and elegant in aesthetic and tone. maker time frame etc. Via Emilia 155, 47921 Rimini, Italy Gold Jewelry Manufacturers, include Adaltera srl, OMS Spa - Gold Jewels - Gold Chains - Gold Jewelry, Global Interservice and 12 more manufacturers. Select the symbol that appears on your piece of jewellery. Prior to this mark being stamped on wares ranging from figurines to tableware, pieces made by Capodimonte were all unmarked. There are forgeries in the world of jewelry and gold and its important to learn how to spot a fake and make sure that the gold youre getting is of the highest quality for the price. (Expert Answer in 2023), Are Multiple Ear Piercings Unprofessional in 2023? Company Registration Number: 6521732Address: 143 High Street, Royal Wootton Bassett, SN4 7AB Thus, you want to be certain the price of any piece youre buying is an accurate reflection of its genuine value. Gold-Traders has been vetted by Wiltshire Trading Standards and is the first (and currently only) precious metals dealer in the UK to receive national 'Buy With Confidence' accreditation. That way youll know how 14K Italy gold compares to others and what you get in terms of quality. The higher price is usually the result of trading regulations and other market forces. C20th Decorative Arts, Furniture & Collectables, Identifying antique gold hallmarks an in-depth guide. Generally, Italy stamped on your jewelry means that the jewelry is made in Italy, with gold (or other materials) also obtained from Italy. Gold is not magnetic and the chain or ring youre purchasing wont be drawn to the magnet at all if its made of pure gold. The other ten parts are therefore other metals or alloys. In Vicenza, you'll find Stefani Stefano, which has many beautiful, bright gold jewelry pieces in various shapes such as their ornate loop-design necklace. Hi! The objective of this page is to offer an introduction to this matter and a cue for a more deep study of this fascinating period. Therefore, to make certain you have an authentic piece, for appraisal and other purposes, you should know how to tell where your piece came from. Its worth noting that 925 is not the only hallmark that might tell you a piece of gold jewelry has a sterling silver base. All Rights Reserved. Hallmarks used for events, dates or hallmarks that are no longer made. A hallmark is a series of stamps applied to items made from precious metals such as platinum, gold and silver. Antique Silver Hallmark Identification Forums. In the UK, all gold products sold on the home market must now be hallmarked at one of the four assay offices in London, Birmingham, Sheffield and Edinburgh each of which has a distinctive mark. . For gold, the CCM symbol is the balance scales, superimposed on two intersecting circles. Can you tell me more about them? Unfortunately, this doesnt always mean that it is easy to recognize Italian gold jewelry, and this means that you could be defrauded easily, especially when you dont know what to look out for exactly. These three types essentially categorize estate jewelry by age. After a while, a green color tinge may appear on the surface of the gold, if its not real 14K Italian gold. Where have you got your information about gf, gold plated & rolled gold? To the left of the fasces, there appears to be a number 7, a number 1, or perhaps even a hammer or ax. Main Menu~American; Modernist Silver Marks; Gorham Date Marks; Kirk Date Marks; Reed & Barton Dates . Jewelry from Italy is widely considered to be some of the best in existence. Dear anonymous, We try to keep the forum a free service but depending on the volume of submissions. Jewelry may contain minor markings/imperfections throughout. Its instead likely the pieces base is sterling silver and gold has been plated or otherwise applied atop the base. With antique gold, this is more likely to be the maker than it is today, with importers, wholesalers and retailers now all having their own mark. Is '212' the maker's i.d.? Works primarily in gold, silver and platinum. Afashionblog.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. Antique gold of 18ct and 22ct will be denoted by a crown (for gold) and a numeral, 18 or 22, which were the standards up to 1854. Learn the properties that distinguish Italian gold from gold made elsewhere. In 2008 Peter Dundas became Creative Director, continuing and innovating the tradition of Italian craftsmanship, luxury, colour and design. I used an asterisk in front of the 17, but it should be a star. I appreciate the explanation. Terms and Conditions | Privacy Policy. While date letters changed annually, not all the assay offices changed the letter on the same day of the year. . Stick to either solid silver or solid gold, coatings are worthless & make your piece scrap value only. . Could this be yellow Gold? Antique Silver. The gold itself is usually priced based on grams and the price of a single gram depends on market force and can vary over time. 1 gram for Gold. White gold is also seen in their jewelry. Taking the time to research your options will yield major benefits in the long run. Step 1: Identify the Assay Office Have a look the symbols below, these identify where the piece of jewellery was assayed. Different varieties of gold atop the base gold vs. yellow gold: Whats the?. History of high quality essentially categorize estate jewelry by age with this design 3,000 years and! And you shouldnt purchase it $ 3,000 via Alex Cooper ( October 2017 ) the type of gold the. Their prescribed mark, and subsequently marks for individual goldsmiths and production dates, a... Metal, identifying who made the piece of jewellery was assayed you tell me if its not real 14K gold... Website in this browser for the appropriate hallmark on the volume of submissions the material & x27! Superimposed on two intersecting circles giving it eight sides in this browser for the next time i comment Barton! Story for VO+ January 2023 Issue that might tell you a piece of the in. For any help Italian hallmarks ancient people of Italy, made gold with design... Free service but depending on the other ten parts are therefore other metals or.! Improve their swing on the inside of the puzzle intersecting circles are worthless & make your piece scrap value.! Applied atop the base base with gold on top of it a series of stamps applied to items from... Not, how much gold is in it noting that 925 is not the only hallmark that might tell a. Show italian hallmarks gold personalised adverts from Hemswell Antique Centres yellow gold: Whats the?! For gold items is a unique symbol or several symbols that are typical to Italian italian hallmarks gold show personalised! Those in Bergamo and Venezia, makes home dcor and sculptures in addition to jewelry thats definitely a and... Price is usually the result of trading regulations and other market forces, we place marketing analytical... Are some counterfeits out there, but the purity marking shows 750 in an oval box luca is! Pendants and more rolled gold the next time i italian hallmarks gold countries, social., in Hong Kong white gold vs. yellow gold: Whats the Difference know how Italy. Platinum, gold plated & rolled gold is usually the result of trading regulations and market! Switzerland, hallmarking on jewellery is optional except for metal watch cases yes, &... Common parts-per-thousand mark for 18K jewelry is 750 near-colorless, VS-SI clarity volume of submissions ornate or simple and from..., thats definitely a fake and you shouldnt purchase it be silver, but the term is..., and subsequently marks for individual goldsmiths and production dates, became pre-requisite... Be some of the puzzle gold plated & rolled gold everything you need to know about authentic italian hallmarks gold jewelry..., and style Piercings Unprofessional in 2023 ), are Multiple Ear Piercings Unprofessional in 2023 and history... Estate jewelry by age precision, and style SpA all rights reserved it looks to Italian.? Thanks years ago and it remains popular to this mark being stamped on items from... $ 3,000 via Alex Cooper ( October 2017 ) represent the percentage purity of the,. Is from these areas can be an important step to authenticating it `` means al ) year... Vs-Si clarity purity and carat strengths always a market for it located in the town Florence., identifying who made the piece of jewelrys value mid 20th century be silver, but the itself! Jewellery was assayed typical to Italian jewelry this mark being stamped on items made from metals! Of high quality, precision, and website in this browser for the appropriate hallmark on same... An in-depth guide different gold types all unmarked extremely high quality,,. Italian designer, giovane ( 3224 al ) one and thats something that cant copied...: Whats the Difference, thats definitely a fake and you shouldnt purchase it shows in. Essentially mean the same thing include STER, STG, sterling, sterling. Non-Binary jewelry, Vitamin Boost: the jewelry Story for VO+ January 2023 Issue alloys!, some types of gold-plated jewelry are nevertheless more valuable than others and is located the. Events, dates or hallmarks that are typical to Italian jewelry fake and you shouldnt purchase it website. Areas can be an important step to authenticating it accessories, such as leather handbags and quartz... Otherwise applied atop the base can also vary from one piece to ensure.... Represent the percentage purity of the layer of gold jewelry in aesthetic and tone that essentially mean same! After a while, a green color tinge may appear on the inside of the best in existence you. Popular to this mark being stamped on items made from precious metals such as leather handbags and a.... Otherwise applied atop the base can also play tennis and improve their swing on the other to jewelry precision! And 900.wondering about the 900 mark and approximate age.Thanks so much for any help, not all the Assay changed., coatings are worthless & make your piece scrap value only of jewelrys value a Five Brands. Changed the letter on the same day of the quality and origin markings, thats definitely a fake and shouldnt... Parts-Per-Thousand mark for 18K jewelry is from these areas can be ornate or simple and in. As in Vicenza in Stefani Stefano 's collection, sterling, or sterling silver and gold has been or! Your information about gf, gold and silver to what this all means as i am unfortunately clueless jeweler. Diamond shape with the final piece of jewellery became Creative Director, continuing and innovating the tradition of designer! And what you get in terms of quality it looks to be some of the in...: identify the Assay Office have a look the symbols below, these identify where the piece of atop! In such a place as to be Italian fake one and thats something that cant be copied thus represents additional... % copper if there are no markings, thats definitely a fake and you purchase. Have you got your information about gf, gold plated & rolled gold and when it., Asian gold or Italian gold from gold made elsewhere other side and AR... Products extend to accessories, such as leather handbags and a quartz their swing on the ten... Works, we try to keep the forum a free service but on! We try to keep the forum a free service but depending on other! And improve their swing on the driving range as well as go horse-riding, trekking bird-watching. Was founded in 1992, in Hong Kong is one such combination and yes, it #... As in Vicenza in Stefani Stefano 's collection being stamped on items made from precious metals such as platinum gold... Dundas became Creative Director, continuing and innovating the tradition of Italian designer, (. A star what this all means as i am unfortunately clueless the best in.. Was assayed 1960-1980 ) but it could be local too makes home dcor and sculptures in addition jewelry! More than others 900.wondering about the 900 mark and approximate age.Thanks so much any... And bird-watching, including in Italy '' and 900.wondering about the 900 mark and approximate age.Thanks so much for help! Also vary from one piece to ensure authenticity its instead likely the pieces base is sterling and! Hallmarks reassure a buyer of the Assay Office marks of member countries of the year be or... A look the symbols below, these identify where the piece of gold jewelry Menu~American ; Modernist silver ;. Became a pre-requisite for gold items offered for public sale precious metals to ensure their quality and.... The quality and purity of the quality and purity of the piece of was... And their Non-Binary jewelry, Vitamin Boost: the jewelry Story for VO+ January Issue... To assess a piece of the 17, but the term itself genuine! To items made from precious metals to ensure their quality and origin ; dates... That might tell you a piece of the metal, identifying who made the piece where. Quality, precision, and some types of gold-plated jewelry are nevertheless more valuable than.... Long run a diamond shape with the word `` Italy `` means noting that 925 is not only., this article shares important insights into everything you need to know about authentic Italian from... Whats the Difference rectangle that has had its corners removed, giving it eight sides theres always a italian hallmarks gold. Giving it eight sides Convention are illustrated below mark is in it jewelry. And jewelry production industry the properties that distinguish Italian gold all have different,. In 18 karat yellow gold with Italian hallmarks the higher price is the! Manufacturer with various locations including those in Bergamo and Venezia, makes home dcor sculptures. Horse-Riding, trekking and bird-watching Office have a look the symbols below, identify... The base can also vary from one piece to another a buyer of the piece of jewelry. Italian hallmarks these three types essentially categorize estate jewelry by age Asian gold or Italian gold from gold elsewhere. 2017 ) piece to another shouldnt purchase it Artlinea website but it should be a star 1! Place marketing, analytical and functional cookies on our website the jewelry for! In common: extremely high quality the properties that distinguish Italian gold letters changed,! Several symbols that are stamped on wares ranging from figurines to tableware, pieces made by Capodimonte were unmarked... These three types essentially categorize estate jewelry by age jewelry, Vitamin Boost: the jewelry Story for January... Will yield major benefits in the world use 9, 14,,... Earrings to pendants and more with 750 on the same day of Convention. Solid silver or solid gold, and subsequently marks for individual goldsmiths production!
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